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Key logging refers to a type of malware specifically designed to monitor and record every keystroke made by a user on their keyboard. This capturing of keystrokes allows attackers to gain access to sensitive information, such as passwords, credit card numbers, and other personal data, without the user's knowledge. It's a significant security threat because it operates stealthily, often running in the background while the victim continues to use their device unaware of the surveillance.

The nature of key logging makes it particularly dangerous in a digital context, as users are likely inputting sensitive information even in trusted environments. By understanding that key logging is about the malicious intent to capture confidential information, individuals can better protect themselves, such as by using antivirus software, not sharing sensitive information over insecure networks, and being cautious about unknown applications. This understanding is crucial for effectively enhancing personal cybersecurity measures.